LMNO Engineering, Research, and Software, Ltd.

Fluid Flow Calculators and Consulting
www.LMNOeng.com

Greetings! I am Ken Edwards, Ph.D., P.E., and owner of LMNO Engineering. My e-mail is LMNO@LMNOeng.com and phone is (740) 707-2614 (USA).

Contact me about your project needs. We have served clients worldwide since 1998.


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July 9, 2024: Newsletter about gradually varied flow in an open channel

CALCULATORS
Red Dot (•) calculations are free.

Open Channels / Culverts
Manning Equation Detailed Calculators:
+Circular culvert
+Trapezoidal channel
+Rectangular channel

Simple Manning calculators:
•Simple Manning calculator
•Circular culvert geometry
•Non-circular channel geometry
•Mannings n Coefficients
•Q = VA

Specialty Programs:
+Culvert design using inlet and outlet control (graph, chart)
+Gradually varied flow (M1, M2, S2, S3) graph and table
+Inverted siphon for sewer going under river
+Hydraulic jump in a pipe
+Hydraulic jump horizontal rectangular channel
+Critical depth in circular culvert
+Bernoulli (pitot tube, dam, sluice gate)
+Discharge from a tank (steady state)
+Time to empty tank

Flumes:
+Parshall (submerged and free flow) graph, table
+Trapezoidal, rectangular, U (Palmer), Parshall (free flow) graph, chart

Weirs:
+Rectangular
•V notch
•Cipoletti

Compute Waterfall Discharge at Channel Drop-Off (End Depth):
+Circular culvert
•Rectangular channel
•Triangular channel

Drag Force
+Drag force on hemispheres, cone, ellipsoid, annular disk, cylinder, rod, cube
+Drag force - you enter drag coefficient

Riprap
+Riprap rock sizing


 		Pressurized Conduits
Single pipes and tubes:
+Pipe flow - liquid or gas (Darcy-Weisbach)
+Pump curve calculator - liquid or gas pipe (Darcy-Weisbach friction)
+Water pipe (Hazen-Williams friction)
+Pump operating point - water pipe (Hazen-Williams friction)

Compressible (gases):
+Weymouth, Panhandle A (and B) equations (compressible gases)
+Choked flow of gas from tank through pipe
+Gas leak rate through hole
+Rayleigh flow (compressible with heat transfer but frictionless)

Specialty Programs:
+Bernoulli (pitot tube, pipe leak, pipe expansion/contraction)
+Bypass loop
+Discharge from a tank (steady state)
+Fire hydrant
+Force due to pipe bend
+Liquid leak rate from pipe crack
+Pipe network (12 pipes)
+Pressure relief valve sizing
+Time to empty tank
+Water hammer (enter valve close or opening time)
+Water hammer (instantaneous valve closure)

Venturi, Nozzle, and Orifice Flow meters (D is pipe diameter):
+Venturi (liquids)
+Nozzle (liquids)
+Orifice (liquids, D<5cm)
+Orifice (liquids, D≥5cm)
+Orifice (gases, D<5cm)
+Orifice (gases, D≥5cm)

Properties of Gases:
+Specific gravity conversions and density using ideal gas law
+Gas flow conversions (mass, standard, actual)
•Molecular weight
•Gas viscosity

Simple Programs:
•Non-circular to circular pipe conversions
•Energy (Bernoulli) equation
•Pressure drop in horizontal pipe (laminar flow)
•Pressure loss in horizontal pipe (4000≤Re≤105)
•Static pressure from column height
•Minor losses (valves, etc.)
•Convert discharge coefficient to minor loss coefficient
•Q = VA
•Major losses (pipe friction). Darcy-Weisbach
•Major losses (pipe friction). Hazen-Williams
•Surface roughness and minor loss coefficients
•Moody friction factor for Darcy-Weisbach
•Equivalent length of pipe calculator
Hydrology and Groundwater
Hydrology:
+TR-55 peak discharge
+TR-55 detention basin storage
+Time of concentration
•Rational equation for peak discharge
+Water Quality Volume

Groundwater:
+Darcy's Law (packed bed, permeameter)
+Hydraulic gradient and flow direction from x, y, head data
+3-D slug (pulse) injection: advection, dispersion
+1-D step injection: advection, disp, retardation
+ Drawdown for unsteady groundwater flow to a pumping well in a confined aquifer (Theis Well function calculator)
• Aquifer transmissivity T=Kb (and K table) 		Miscellaneous
+Volume of liquid in inclined cylinder at 0 to 90 degrees (graph, table)
+Volume of partially full cylinder on its side, sphere, cone
•Unit conversions
•Fluid properties
•Discussion and references for pipes, culverts

Videos / Movies
•Friction loss and analysis
•Tank discharge and analysis
Newsletters
(Fluid flow articles written by Ken Edwards, Ph.D., P.E., Owner of LMNO Engineering)
1999  2000  2001  2002  2003  2004  2005  2006 - 2012  2013 - 2019  2020 - 2024

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flow diagram water pipe experiment water hammer equation detention pond pressure flow calculator air manifold experiment gas and liquid network modeling

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LMNO Engineering, Research, and Software, Ltd.
7860 Angel Ridge Rd.   Athens, Ohio  45701   USA   (740) 707-2614
LMNO@LMNOeng.com    https://www.LMNOeng.com